Urography

Urography is an X-ray examination of the urinary tract performed with the administration of a contrast agent. The method allows assessment of the kidneys, ureters, and urinary bladder and is used to diagnose urolithiasis, tumors, inflammatory conditions, and other pathologies.

When is urography indicated?

• When urolithiasis (kidney or ureteral stones) is suspected.
• In cases of chronic urinary tract infections.
• For the diagnosis of tumors, cysts, and congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary bladder.
• In patients with hematuria (blood in the urine) of unclear origin.
• After trauma to the urinary system.

Types of urography

• Plain urography – performed without contrast; allows assessment of the anatomy of the urinary system.
• Excretory (contrast-enhanced) urography – involves intravenous administration of contrast that is excreted by the kidneys, making the urinary tract visible on X-ray images.
• Retrograde urography – contrast is introduced via a catheter into the ureters or urinary bladder; used when visualization is limited.
• Antegrade urography – performed in patients with a nephrostomy, with contrast administered directly into the kidney.

How is the procedure performed?

1. Preparation – a special diet is recommended 1–2 days before the examination; bowel cleansing is performed prior to the procedure.
2. Administration of the contrast agent – intravenously or via catheter, depending on the selected technique.
3. Serial X-ray imaging – images are taken as the contrast passes through the urinary tract.
4. Interpretation of results – the physician analyzes the images and provides a diagnostic conclusion.

Main advantages of urography in Belarus

• High diagnostic accuracy for diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.
• Ability to detect even small stones, tumors, and developmental anomalies.
• Minimally invasive – no surgical intervention is required.
• Relatively short duration – approximately 30–60 minutes.
• Comprehensive evaluation of the entire urinary system.

The examination is performed in leading diagnostic centers and urological clinics in Belarus using modern X-ray equipment and safe contrast agents. Highly qualified specialists ensure accurate diagnosis and patient comfort.