Percutaneous nephrostomy

Percutaneous nephrostomy is a minimally invasive procedure in which a drainage tube (nephrostomy catheter) is placed into the kidney through a small skin puncture to divert urine. The method is used in cases of acute urinary outflow obstruction caused by urolithiasis, tumors, or trauma.

When is percutaneous nephrostomy required?

• In ureteral obstruction caused by a stone or tumor.
• In cases of hydronephrosis with impaired urine drainage from the kidney.
• When temporary renal drainage is required prior to definitive surgical treatment.
• In acute pyelonephritis associated with urinary obstruction.
• In renal trauma or postoperative complications affecting urine outflow.

How is the procedure performed?

1. Diagnostics and preparation – ultrasound or CT imaging is performed to identify the level and cause of obstruction.
2. Anesthesia – local anesthesia is most commonly used.
3. Skin puncture and guidewire insertion – under ultrasound or fluoroscopic guidance, a special needle is introduced into the renal collecting system.
4. Drainage placement – a nephrostomy tube is fixed in the kidney to ensure continuous urine drainage.
5. Post-procedure monitoring – the patient is observed and antibacterial therapy is prescribed when indicated.

Main advantages of percutaneous nephrostomy in Belarus

• Rapid restoration of normal urine outflow.
• Minimal trauma – the procedure is performed via puncture without surgical incisions.
• Reduced risk of kidney damage in obstructive conditions.
• Improvement of the patient’s condition prior to definitive treatment (e.g., stone or tumor removal).
• Possibility of performing the procedure under local anesthesia.

The procedure is performed in leading urological clinics in Belarus using modern imaging-guided techniques. Highly qualified specialists ensure accurate drain placement, procedural safety, and comfortable patient recovery.