Videothoracoscopy

Video-assisted thoracoscopy (VATS) is a minimally invasive diagnostic and surgical procedure in which a video camera and specialized instruments are introduced into the thoracic cavity to examine or treat the lungs, pleura, and mediastinum. This method avoids large incisions and allows for faster recovery.

When is video-assisted thoracoscopy required?

• For the diagnosis of pleural and lung diseases (pleuritis, fibrosis, tumors).
• In suspected lung cancer – biopsy of suspicious lesions.
• In cases of spontaneous or traumatic pneumothorax – elimination of air accumulation in the pleural cavity.
• For removal of mediastinal tumors (thymomas, neurogenic neoplasms).
• In chronic infectious lung diseases (tuberculosis, empyema).

How is the procedure performed?

1. Diagnosis and preparation – chest CT scan, chest X-ray, blood tests.
2. Anesthesia – the procedure is performed under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.
3. Creation of access – small incisions (5–10 mm) are made to introduce the video camera and surgical instruments.
4. Inspection and interventions – biopsy, tumor removal, pleurectomy, or coagulation of affected tissues.
5. Completion of surgery – placement of a drainage tube to evacuate fluid or air.

Main advantages of video-assisted thoracoscopy in Belarus

• Minimal incisions – reduced risk of complications and postoperative pain.
• Fast recovery – patients are typically discharged within 1–3 days.
• High diagnostic accuracy – enables early detection of lung diseases.
• High effectiveness in the treatment of pneumothorax and pleural diseases.
• Possibility of tumor removal without open thoracic surgery.

The procedure is performed in leading thoracic and oncological centers in Belarus using modern video-endoscopic equipment. Experienced surgeons ensure precise diagnosis, minimal invasiveness, and rapid patient recovery.