Removal of benign laryngeal tumors

Removal of benign laryngeal lesions is a surgical procedure aimed at eliminating papillomas, polyps, fibromas, cysts, and other non-malignant tumors affecting the vocal cords and upper airway. Although these lesions are not cancerous, they may significantly impair voice quality, obstruct breathing, and cause persistent discomfort.

When is removal of benign laryngeal lesions indicated?

• Persistent hoarseness, dysphonia, or changes in voice timbre.
• Breathing difficulty or a sensation of a foreign body in the throat.
• Recurrent inflammatory or infectious conditions of the larynx associated with the lesion.
• Progressive growth of the lesion or recurrent formations (e.g., laryngeal papillomatosis).
• Discomfort during speech or vocal fatigue.

How is the procedure performed?

1. Diagnostic evaluation – laryngoscopy, computed tomography (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess the size and location of the lesion.
2. Selection of the removal technique – the physician chooses the optimal method (endoscopic, laser, or radiofrequency removal).
3. Anesthesia – local or general anesthesia is used depending on the extent and localization of the lesion.
4. Lesion removal – performed using minimally invasive techniques that ensure precision and safety.
5. Postoperative monitoring – the patient is prescribed a rehabilitation program aimed at restoring vocal function.

Removal techniques

• Endoscopic removal – commonly used for small lesions, performed transorally.
• Laser coagulation – provides rapid healing and minimizes the risk of bleeding.
• Radiofrequency surgery – allows precise excision with minimal damage to surrounding tissues.
• Microsurgical excision – applied for complex lesions involving the vocal folds.

Advantages of the procedure

• Restoration of normal voice quality and airway patency.
• Low recurrence risk when combined with appropriate follow-up and rehabilitation.
• No external scars due to minimally invasive approaches.
• Short rehabilitation period.

Recovery after surgery

• Voice rest – limitation of vocal load during the initial postoperative period.
• Mucosal hydration – inhalations and prescribed topical solutions.
• Avoidance of hot, spicy foods and other mucosal irritants.
• Regular follow-up with an ENT specialist to prevent recurrence.

Advantages of benign laryngeal lesion removal in Belarus

In Belarus, these procedures are performed in modern ENT clinics using advanced endoscopic, laser, and radiofrequency technologies, ensuring minimal tissue trauma and rapid functional recovery.