Maxillary sinusotomy

Maxillary sinusotomy is a surgical procedure aimed at treating diseases of the maxillary sinus (also known as the maxillary or antral sinus). The operation is performed to remove pathological contents, eliminate obstruction to normal sinus drainage, and restore proper sinus function.

Indications for surgery

• Chronic maxillary sinusitis refractory to conservative therapy.
• Polyps, cysts, or benign tumors of the maxillary sinus.
• Fungal sinus infections (fungal sinusitis).
• Foreign bodies within the sinus (e.g., after dental procedures).
• Pathological conditions causing impaired nasal breathing or recurrent infections.

Types of maxillary sinusotomy

Conventional (open) sinusotomy:

• Performed through an incision in the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus.
• Indicated in complex cases requiring wide surgical access.

Endoscopic sinusotomy:

• A minimally invasive technique performed via the nasal cavity.
• Allows removal of pathological tissue and restoration of sinus drainage without facial incisions.

Laser sinusotomy:

• Uses laser technology to remove polyps, cysts, or infected tissue.
• Associated with minimal tissue trauma and faster recovery.

How the procedure is performed

Preoperative preparation:

• Comprehensive evaluation, including CT or MRI to assess sinus anatomy and pathology.
• Blood tests and consultation with an anesthesiologist.

Anesthesia: the procedure is performed under local or general anesthesia.

Surgical stage:

• Access to the maxillary sinus is achieved either through a surgical incision or via the nasal passages, depending on the chosen technique.
• Pathological contents (polyps, cysts, purulent material) are removed and the sinus is thoroughly irrigated and sanitized.

Completion:

• Drainage systems may be placed if required.
• Sterile dressings or nasal packing are applied.

Recovery after sinusotomy

1. Nasal care: regular saline irrigation to prevent infection.
2. Physiotherapy: laser therapy, ultrasound, or magnetotherapy to promote healing.
3. Restrictions: avoidance of physical exertion and overheating during the first weeks.
4. Follow-up: regular ENT examinations and control imaging if indicated.

Advantages of modern sinusotomy in Belarus

• Minimal trauma with endoscopic and laser techniques.
• Rapid postoperative recovery.
• High effectiveness in treating maxillary sinus pathology.
• Possibility of addressing multiple sinus problems during a single procedure.

Possible complications

• Minor postoperative bleeding.
• Facial or nasal swelling and discomfort.
• Postoperative infection (rare).

Maxillary sinusotomy is an effective method for treating diseases of the maxillary sinus, helping to relieve symptoms, restore normal nasal breathing, and prevent complications. Modern surgical technologies allow the procedure to be performed with minimal invasiveness and a short recovery period.

The procedure is available in leading clinics in Belarus, where specialists apply advanced techniques and an individualized approach to patient care.