Laryngoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that allows examination of the larynx, vocal cords, and upper airways using a special instrument called a laryngoscope. The method is used to detect diseases, neoplasms, foreign bodies, and to perform surgical interventions in the laryngeal area.
Types of laryngoscopy
Direct laryngoscopy
- Performed using a flexible or rigid laryngoscope.
- Provides a detailed view of the larynx and allows therapeutic manipulations.
Indirect laryngoscopy
- Examination of the larynx using a mirror inserted through the mouth.
- Used for rapid assessment and initial diagnosis.
Video laryngoscopy
- Uses a camera integrated into the laryngoscope to display a magnified image on a monitor.
- Ensures high-precision visualization of the larynx.
Indications for laryngoscopy
- Hoarseness or loss of voice.
- Pain or discomfort in the throat.
- Sensation of a foreign body in the larynx.
- Difficulty breathing.
- Suspicion of neoplasms, polyps, or vocal cord nodules.
- Chronic inflammatory diseases of the larynx.
- Trauma to the throat or larynx.
Contraindications
- Severe cardiovascular or respiratory disorders.
- Acute infectious diseases.
- Allergy to anesthetic agents used during the procedure.
How the procedure is performed
ENT specialist consultation. Discussion of patient complaints and medical history.
Recommendations: fasting from food and liquids for 6–8 hours before the procedure if anesthesia is planned.
Laryngoscopy procedure
- Anesthesia. Local anesthesia (topical anesthetic spray) or general anesthesia, depending on the technique used.
- Procedure. The laryngoscope is inserted through the mouth or nose to visualize the larynx. The physician assesses tissue condition and vocal cord function and identifies possible abnormalities.
- Duration. The procedure takes from 5 to 30 minutes, depending on complexity.
Possible sensations
- Mild discomfort during insertion of the instrument.
- Temporary numbness of the throat after anesthesia.
After the procedure
- Mild throat irritation or discomfort may persist for a short time.
- It is recommended to avoid eating and drinking until normal sensation returns.
Possible complications
- Mild bleeding (rare).
- Irritation or minor injury to the laryngeal mucosa.
- Allergic reaction to anesthetic agents.
Laryngoscopy is an accurate and safe method for diagnosing and treating laryngeal disorders. Timely performance of the procedure allows early detection of pathology and initiation of effective treatment.
The procedure is available in leading clinics in Belarus, where modern technologies and an individualized approach to patient care are applied.
