Removal of benign tumors of the pelvic bones

Removal of benign tumors of the pelvic bones is a surgical procedure aimed at excising non-malignant bone lesions that may nevertheless cause pain, deformities, or functional impairment of the pelvic structures. Timely surgical treatment helps prevent complications and restore the normal load-bearing function of the pelvis.

Types of benign pelvic bone tumors

1. Osteochondromas — osteocartilaginous outgrowths, most commonly found in children and adolescents.
2. Osteomas — dense bone tumors that grow slowly and are usually painless.
3. Chondromas — tumors originating from cartilage tissue and localized within bones.
4. Fibrous dysplasia — abnormal proliferation of fibrous connective tissue within bone.
5. Aneurysmal bone cysts — blood-filled cavities within bone tissue.
6. Hemangiomas — vascular tumors that can develop within the pelvic bones.

Indications for surgical removal

• Pain and restricted movement in the pelvic or hip region.
• Impairment of hip joint function or pelvic load-bearing capacity.
• Progressive tumor growth with compression of surrounding tissues.
• Increased risk of pathological fractures due to bone weakening.
• Visible deformities and associated discomfort.

Diagnostic methods

A comprehensive preoperative evaluation is performed, including:

• X-ray imaging to determine the location and structure of the lesion.
• Computed tomography (CT) for detailed assessment of bone tissue and precise surgical planning.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate soft-tissue involvement and the relationship of the tumor to surrounding structures.
• Tumor biopsy to confirm the benign nature of the lesion.
• Laboratory blood tests to assess the patient’s general health status.

How is the surgery performed?

Preoperative preparation:

• Comprehensive patient evaluation and selection of the optimal surgical approach.
• Anesthesiology consultation and preparation for anesthesia.

Anesthesia: the procedure is performed under general anesthesia or spinal anesthesia.

Surgical removal of the tumor: the surgeon makes an incision over the tumor site.

• The tumor is completely excised with removal of a minimal margin of healthy bone tissue.
• If required, reconstruction of the bone defect is performed using a bone graft or specialized synthetic materials.

Completion of surgery:

• The wound is closed and a sterile dressing is applied.
• Postoperative X-ray control is performed to confirm complete tumor removal.

Rehabilitation after surgery

1. Rehabilitation plays a key role in restoring bone function and mobility.
2. Immobilization and rest. Load on the operated area is limited during the early postoperative period.
3. Physiotherapy. Magnetotherapy, laser therapy, and electrical stimulation are used to accelerate healing and tissue recovery.
4. Therapeutic exercise (physical therapy). Gradual exercises are introduced to restore mobility and strengthen muscles.
5. Follow-up monitoring. Regular clinical visits and X-ray examinations to assess bone healing.
6. Restriction of physical activity. Full activity is usually allowed after 2–4 months, depending on the extent of surgery.

Advantages of removing benign pelvic bone tumors in Belarus

• Complete relief of pain and discomfort.
• Restoration of the pelvic bones’ load-bearing function.
• Prevention of fractures and other complications.
• Minimization of recurrence risk with complete tumor excision.

Removal of benign pelvic bone tumors is an effective treatment method that alleviates pain, restores normal musculoskeletal function, and prevents complications.

The procedure is performed in leading clinics in Belarus, where experienced surgeons use modern technologies and an individualized approach to ensure successful treatment and recovery.