Treatment of diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetes mellitus that affects the blood vessels of the retina, leading to progressive visual impairment and an increased risk of blindness. The disease develops gradually; therefore, early diagnosis and timely treatment are essential to slow progression and preserve vision.
Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy
- Appearance of dark spots, floaters, or flashes of light in the visual field.
- Blurred vision and reduced visual acuity.
- A sensation of a veil or haze in front of the eyes, difficulty focusing.
- Loss of peripheral vision and difficulty reading.
Diagnostic methods
- Ophthalmoscopy. Examination of the fundus and retinal blood vessels.
- Fluorescein angiography. Assessment of retinal vessel patency, leakage, and ischemic areas.
- OCT (optical coherence tomography). High-resolution imaging of retinal layers, especially the macula.
- Measurement of intraocular pressure. Evaluation of glaucoma risk in patients with diabetes.
Treatment methods for diabetic retinopathy
- Medical therapy. Includes drugs that stabilize vascular walls and anti-VEGF therapy to inhibit abnormal vessel growth.
- Intravitreal injections. Administration of medications (aflibercept, ranibizumab) into the vitreous body to reduce macular edema.
- Laser retinal photocoagulation. Suppresses neovascularization, strengthens the retina, and reduces the risk of retinal detachment.
- Vitrectomy. Surgical intervention indicated for vitreous hemorrhage and advanced stages of the disease.
Advantages of treating diabetic retinopathy in Belarus
In Belarus, diabetic retinopathy is treated in modern ophthalmology centers equipped with high-precision laser and microsurgical systems. Specialists apply advanced intravitreal therapies, laser photocoagulation, and vitrectomy techniques, enabling preservation of vision and prevention of severe complications.
This text has been translated using machine translation technology (DeepL API) and may contain inaccuracies.
