PCR diagnostics (polymerase chain reaction) is a highly accurate method for detecting infectious diseases that allows identification of pathogen DNA or RNA in the body. This method is widely used in the diagnosis of viral, bacterial, and fungal infections, as well as in genetic testing.
When is PCR diagnostics required?
In cases of suspected sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, HPV, herpes, syphilis). For the diagnosis of viral diseases (influenza, HIV, COVID-19, hepatitis B and C). To detect latent bacterial infections (tuberculosis, mycoplasmosis, ureaplasmosis). During testing for parasitic infections (toxoplasmosis, giardiasis). In genetic diagnostics of hereditary diseases.
Types of PCR diagnostics
- Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) – detects the presence and quantity of infectious DNA or RNA.
- Qualitative PCR – confirms the presence of a pathogen.
- Quantitative PCR – determines viral load; used in hepatitis and HIV diagnostics.
- Multiplex PCR – simultaneously detects several pathogens.
How is the test performed?
For analysis, a swab from the throat or urogenital tract, sputum, blood, urine, or other biological material is collected. Some tests, particularly urogenital PCR, may require preparation, such as avoiding urination for two hours prior to sample collection.
Main advantages of PCR diagnostics in Belarus
High accuracy in detecting infectious diseases even at early stages. Rapid turnaround of results and the ability to identify minimal concentrations of the pathogen. Versatility, allowing diagnosis of a wide range of infections.
Belarusian laboratories are equipped with modern PCR systems that ensure reliable and precise diagnostics. Testing is performed efficiently, with high informational value and accurate interpretation of results.
